Enhanced natural structures

Molecular Stacking: This is not unlike stacking molecules together which have a complementary fit –like stacking special stackable chairs together. Stacking in supramolecular chemistry refers to a stacked arrangement of aromatic molecules which interact through aromatic transactions.

The most popular example of a stacked system is found in the consecutive base pairs in DNA. Stacking also frequently occurs in proteins where two relatively non-polar rings have overlapping pi orbitals. The exact nature of such interactions (electrostatic or nonelectrostatic) is a matter of debate.

Chirality

When used in the context of chemistry, chirality usually refers to molecules. Two mirror images of a molecule that cannot be superimposed onto each other are referred to as enantiomers or optical isomers. Because the difference between right and left hands is universally known and easy to observe, many pairs of enantiomers are designated as right- and left-handed. A mixture of equal amounts of the two enantiomers is said to be a racemic mixture. Molecular chirality is of interest because of its application to stereochemistry in inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, and supramolecular chemistry.

Spin Traps

According to Dr. Cheryl Burgess, a cosmetic dermatologist, spin traps are a new form of antioxidant that have the ability to catch an electron as it spins out of control and actually returns it to its normal orbit before it can do any damage. In other words, catching a free radical before it is free to do damage! According to Cosmetic Dermatology, the protective abilities of spin traps comes from their modulation of proinflammatory cytokines.

Spin traps have been shown to prevent free radical induction in the substantia nigra (a portion of the brain) in rats, according to Neuroscience Letters. Numerous studies by Dr. J. Carney and his associates, including this 1996 study in Radiation Research, have shown that phenyl butyl nitrone has anti-inflammatory and age-reducing effects.